Photosynthesis

• The Molls Experiment tests if plants can perform photosynthesis in the absence of carbon dioxide. Half of a plant leaf is inserted through a slit in a cork or other cap into a bottle. The bottle should contain a caustic potash and water solution, and the cap should be made air-tight. Vaseline around the edges of the cork can aid in doing so. The clipped end of the leaf should be dipped in a small container of water. After several hours the leaf will change colors to indicate a failure to create starch in photosynthesis.
  
  

Boiling

• Does sugar alter the boiling point of water? There's only one way to find out. Suspend a round-bottomed flask above a Bunsen burner. Use a thermometer to note the temperature when the water begins to boil. Recreate the experiment with sugar dissolved in water. You can also test the boiling point with other substances such as vegetable oil, soap and other household products.
  
  

Osmosis

• Place a semipermeable membrane, such as cellophane or parchment paper, over the end of a thistle-funnel. Fill the bowl of the funnel with sugar-water, and suspend the membrane-covered end in a water-filled beaker. The membrane will bulge, and the thistle's water level will rise as water moved from the beaker through the membrane into the funnel by osmosis.
  
  

Telescope

• Build a telescope using a messenger tube and two lenses, one small and one large. By fashioning the large lense at one end of the tube and the smaller lense at the other end, you can create a telescope. There are several ways to complete the assembly. You can create lense frames from the ends of the tube and use rubber cement to assemble the frames and lenses into the ends of the tube.