Types of Wood & Finishes
- There are two types or species of wood, hardwood and softwood. Hardwood refers to or is a characteristic of the wood's durability. According to BuildDirect, this wood is not only extremely hard; it holds up very well to wear and tear as well. Notable hardwood species include Brazilian cherry, hard maple, Santos mahogany and red and white oak.
- BuildDirect says that softer species of wood, while still durable, are easier to work with when it comes to nailing and sawing. Good softwood options for any given project are American black walnut, American cherry and alder.
- There are many different ways to finish a wood project. Staining the wood is one such option. There are interior and exterior stain finishes that should be selected based on where the wood will be. Exterior stains protect the wood from water and the elements, whereas interior stains provide less protection, but offer a more polished look. According to Aubuchon Hardware, staining wood can be done in color using pigments to actually change the color of the wood, or to enhance the color of the grain in the wood. It is important to note that most do-it-yourself stains are made to be a stain and finish, while some professionals choose to use a stain and then a separate finish.
- Wood varnishes are different from wood stains, in that varnishes don't color the wood. Aubuchon Hardware says that varnishes instead are transparent and allow the complete look of the wood to show through. Varnishes provide either a gloss, semigloss or a satin finish.
- Shellac is another finish option for various wood products. In general, shellac does not affect the appearance of the wood, but is used as a protective measure or layer. Aubuchon Hardware says that shellac is popularly used when you are refinishing old wood. Shellac dries fast, is extremely durable for both indoor and outdoor projects and adheres well to old finishes such as old shellacs and varnishes.