Tree

• Cytospora canker is a disease found in hardwood trees and caused by the pathogenic fungus Leucostoma kunzei. Symptoms include fallen branches that often have sticky, white sap surrounding them. Cytospora canker causes bark lesions, girdling and death of the tree. Pruning is the predominate method to control Cytospora canker. Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that affects maple trees cause by the pathogen Sawadaea tulasnei. This leaf-attacking disease forms a fluffy white fungus that covers the foliage causing curling and dwarfing of the plants leaves. Prevent powdery mildew by selecting disease-resistant trees and using fungicides for treatment.
  
  

Fruits and Vegetables

• Bacterial wilt is a disease affecting gourds, squashes and pumpkins and is caused by the pathogen Erwinia tracheiphila. Bacterial wilt attacks the vascular tissue of a plant, sealing it shut from absorbing moisture. This results in the wilting and death of the plant. Bacterial wilt causes a milky sticky substance to form when squeezing the stems of the infected plant. Pest control of cucumber beetles helps limit the spread of this deadly plant disease. Angular leaf spot is a bacterial plant disease cause by the pathogen Psudomonas lachrymans. The appearance of greasy water-soaked leaf spots coupled with dripping creamy bacterial ooze during rain is a sign of this disease. Rotating crops and choosing disease-resistant varieties helps eliminate this disease.
  
  

Flowers

• White mold is a fungal disease in bedding flowers, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Starting as brown water-soaked spots that form a white cottony mycelium, this disease wilts and kills plants. Sclerotias, hard black fungi, develop around the affected areas, eventually falling and infecting the soil. Prevent white mold by watering in the morning and widely spacing plants. Destroy any infected plants. Leaf gall is a fungal disease caused by the pathogen Exobasidium camelliae. During spring, new foliage becomes swollen, with infected areas turning white or pink. As the disease advances, galls erupt in a mass of white spores on the undersides of the leaves.
  
  

Shrubs

• Downey mildew is a fungal disease caused by the pathogen Plasmopara viburni, which affects viburnum shrubs. This fast-spreading disease starts as light-green spots on upper portions of leaves and downy grayish-white fungi on lower areas of leaves, resulting in tissue death. Spacing plants further apart and keeping foliage dry helps to prevent downy mildew. Armillaria root rot is a fungal disease caused by Armillaria mellea. This disease damages many shrubs, including viburnums and rhododendrons. White felt-like fungus grows under the bark of the shrub, causing loss of leaves, stunted growth and root rot. Prevention begins by providing well-draining fertile soils with adequate watering.