The essential and important component of breast milk
The composition of breast milk will vary among individuals, with the stage of lactation, maternal diet, time of day and time into the feeding. The first milk produced during the earliest stage of lactation is called colostrum. Colostrum is a thin, yellow liquid rich in antibodies, protein, fat-soluble vitamins, minerals and electrolytes.
The colostrum serves as the infant's first immunization. Breast milk should be considered a living tissue containing macrophages, immunoglobulins, hormones and at least 60 enzymes. Immunoglobulin A, lactoferrin, human milk lipase, gastrin, growth hormones, antiviral factors are all examples of the proteins it contains. All mothers should be encouraged to breastfeed during this early stages of lactation to provide the colostrums to their infant, even if that is all they plan to do in regards to breast-feeding. The transitional period begins after approximately 7 days and is followed by the production of mature milk. The fat content of mature milk is highest at the end of the feeding period, providing satiety, and is often referred to as the "hind milk". Overall, daily changes in maternal diet will not cause wide variations or vegans, who consume no animal products and plan to breastfeed, will need a reliable source of vitamin B12 in their diet. A maternal diet high or low in fat may alter the fatty acid composition and large consumption of cow's milk may cause colic symptoms, due to transmission of allergens in the milk.
In addition, increased consumption of caffeine, nicotine and alcohol by the mother may negatively affect the infant's disposition. Breast milk also has an influence on gastric emptying. In a blinded crossover study of 14 premature infants, the gastric emptying of breast milk feedings was 50% faster than feedings of infant formula. The addition of human milk fortifiers also decreases the gastric emptying time of breast milk. Some researchers have reported nutrient differences, breast milk produce from mothers delivering premature infants when compared to mothers who deliver at term. The typical composition of mature and premature human milk follows.
Composition of mature breast milk
• Protein: approximately 60% whey and 40% casein
• Carbohydrate; Lactose
• Fat: Human milk fat
• 20 calories per ounce and 1g protein per dL
Composition of premature Breast milk
• Protein: approximately 60% whey and 40% casein
• Carbohydrate: Lactose
• Fat: Human milk fat
• Higher electrolyte and protein content than term which decreases as gestational age increase. Energy and mineral content is similar between the mature and pre-term milks.
• Higher content of medium-chain triglycerides than mature breast milk.
• May contain insufficient protein, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, copper to achieve intrauterine growth rates in rapidly growing premature infants.
• Requires the fortification of human milk fortifier to meet the nutritional requirements of the premature infant.
• 20 calories per ounce and 1.4-2.2g protein per dL.
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The colostrum serves as the infant's first immunization. Breast milk should be considered a living tissue containing macrophages, immunoglobulins, hormones and at least 60 enzymes. Immunoglobulin A, lactoferrin, human milk lipase, gastrin, growth hormones, antiviral factors are all examples of the proteins it contains. All mothers should be encouraged to breastfeed during this early stages of lactation to provide the colostrums to their infant, even if that is all they plan to do in regards to breast-feeding. The transitional period begins after approximately 7 days and is followed by the production of mature milk. The fat content of mature milk is highest at the end of the feeding period, providing satiety, and is often referred to as the "hind milk". Overall, daily changes in maternal diet will not cause wide variations or vegans, who consume no animal products and plan to breastfeed, will need a reliable source of vitamin B12 in their diet. A maternal diet high or low in fat may alter the fatty acid composition and large consumption of cow's milk may cause colic symptoms, due to transmission of allergens in the milk.
In addition, increased consumption of caffeine, nicotine and alcohol by the mother may negatively affect the infant's disposition. Breast milk also has an influence on gastric emptying. In a blinded crossover study of 14 premature infants, the gastric emptying of breast milk feedings was 50% faster than feedings of infant formula. The addition of human milk fortifiers also decreases the gastric emptying time of breast milk. Some researchers have reported nutrient differences, breast milk produce from mothers delivering premature infants when compared to mothers who deliver at term. The typical composition of mature and premature human milk follows.
Composition of mature breast milk
• Protein: approximately 60% whey and 40% casein
• Carbohydrate; Lactose
• Fat: Human milk fat
• 20 calories per ounce and 1g protein per dL
Composition of premature Breast milk
• Protein: approximately 60% whey and 40% casein
• Carbohydrate: Lactose
• Fat: Human milk fat
• Higher electrolyte and protein content than term which decreases as gestational age increase. Energy and mineral content is similar between the mature and pre-term milks.
• Higher content of medium-chain triglycerides than mature breast milk.
• May contain insufficient protein, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, copper to achieve intrauterine growth rates in rapidly growing premature infants.
• Requires the fortification of human milk fortifier to meet the nutritional requirements of the premature infant.
• 20 calories per ounce and 1.4-2.2g protein per dL.
I am Funom Theophilus Makama. I advertise through writing. As a platinum expert Author, I write lots of articles and hence promote interested websites, companies, groups, organizations, and communities through publishing and distributing my articles. For more information on this interesting venture, click on the link below
http://funom-makama.blogspot.com/2010/07/advertising-contracts.html