Information on a Visually Impaired Child in the Classroom
- According to the Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired, students have been gradually integrated into inclusive classrooms since the 1950s with relatively few accommodations made to the curriculum to meet their needs. Educators now recognize that students with visual impairment need both expanded and basic core curriculum to thrive in the mainstream classroom.
- According to West Virginia University, there are two types of visual impairment: low vision and blind. Students with low vision can still see print materials; however, they may need some assistance. Blindness is defined as one-tenth of normal 20/20 vision. Students who are blind require specific accommodations that will assist them in learning lesson material in the inclusive classroom. Specialized services should be available for all levels of visually impaired students within the school system to adequately meet their educational needs.
- Generally accepted educational core curriculum within the school system usually consists of the basic subjects such as math, science, reading and social studies. Extracurricular activities such as health, art and music have also traditionally been accepted as basic courses that are offered throughout the K-12 curriculum. For visually impaired students, expanded curriculum includes teaching them how to navigate the school and classroom, socialize with classmates, learn independently and the usage of various types of assistive technologies to help them assimilate into the mainstream class. Career education is also important for students with visual impairment.
- Teachers can help visually impaired students by providing them with a variety of methods from which to learn. For instance, the use of manipulatives in subjects such as math and science will give them a tactile experience that will enhance learning. Textbooks and handouts with larger print or Braille will make lesson material more understandable. Computer software that is voice activated can deliver allow students enhanced computer accessibility. Large projector screens make it easier for the visually impaired to see class movies or presentations as well. Books on audio are also helpful tools for visually impaired students. Leave pathways open in the classroom to allow for easier access and seat students near the front of the class for increased viewing capacity. In addition, try to keep the class as structured as possible so students with visual impairments can easily find necessary equipment such as pencil sharpeners, cups or paper. Students with visual impairments should also be provided with extra time for assignments and exams, and alternative assessment methods.
- Students with visual impairment who are offered expanded core curriculum are probably more likely to succeed in a school setting. By considering areas of skill such as socialization, you are exposing them to the necessary skills to encourage them to more easily blend into sighted society. Sighted students may also benefit from this interaction. Through career education, students are more likely to find employment after graduating school. Career education is often offered in a vocational setting and gives real world experience to enhance learning. Students who learn how to functionally work with their visual impairment are better prepared for life in the real world.