Why it happens

• Darker skin is caused by extra melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. Dark spots develop when melanin sticks together in clumps or excess melanin is produced. Ultraviolet rays hasten melanin production. The damage is usually cumulative, which is why dark spots are associated with age. However, pregnancy and hormonal changes can also cause skin pigments to "clump" as can birth control pills. This condition is caused melasma.
  
  

Kitchen aids

• Many home treatments are found in nearly every kitchen. The most recommended is lemon juice, a natural bleach that is also a good exfoliating agent. Rub the juice on the spots twice a day. Results should be seen within six to eight weeks.
  
  It sounds odd, but onion is another common remedy. Blend the onion and drain it with a strainer. Mix apple cider vinegar in an equal amount and cover the spots. Watch for results in five or six months. Or rub slices of raw red onion on affected areas.
  
  A paste of garlic applied to blemishes as well as cucumber slices are also listed as common home treatments. Rub raw papaya on the darkened area and leave it for a few minutes. Do this daily.
  
  You can also try orange juice and apple cider vinegar. Put 2 or 3 spoonfuls of orange juice with half a spoon of apple cider vinegar. Use this every day for a month to see results.
  
  Combine lime juice, rosemary oil, vinegar and radish. Apply this ointment to the blemished area to cleanse skin.
  
  

Diet remedies

• Try dandelion. The stem is purported to help a number of skin ailments. Consume this daily to reduce spots. Or add a few drops of apple cider vinegar to a glass of water and drink.
  
  

Oils and herbs

• Aloe vera juice is another remedy that has the potential to lessen dark spots. Rub gel or juice on the area. If blemishes have a rough texture, put some castor oil on them to help improve skin's appearance. Or mix olive oil and vinegar and leave it on skin for a half-hour.