Optic neuritis is the inflammation of the optic nerve or disc.
A patient can have a visual complaint and often pain.
The pain is usually benign and self resolving without apparent cause.
Some doctors think that it predates multiple sclerosis.
Retobulbar neuritis involves the optic nerve or tract which is the most common cause is multriple sclerosis.
It is inflammation behind the portion of the optic disc visualized during the fundiscopic exam.
The fundus is normal and there is some vision loss.
Optic neuritis includes various forms of retinitis including, simple, proteinuric, syphilic, diabetic hemorrhage and hereditary.
Papilledema is also known as a choked disc and is commonly a symptom of increased intracranial pressure due to brain tumors, abscesses, hemorrhage, hypertension if it's present for a long time, the doctor can see changes in the eyes.
The disc appears to be blurred with jagged edges due to nerve fiber edema and back up on venous blood.
There is also tortuous, engorged veins and loss of venous pulsations at disc margin.
There is also an obliteration of physiology cup.
There is also disc elevation and edema.
Pseudopapilledema is in up to 5% of the normal population.
It usually occurs in blonde white people and is thought to be hereditary and benign.
Optic atrophy is associated with decreased visual acuity and a change in the color of the optic disc to light pink, white or gray.
Primary is caused by processes that involve the optic nerve and do no produce papilledema, may be due to tabes dorsalis, multiple sclerosis or it could be hereditary.
Secondary is a sequal of papilledema may be due to neuritis, glaucoma, or increased intracranial pressure.